2019-nCov/COVID-19

The outbreak of a novel betacoronavirus (SARS-CoV-2/2019-nCov) is a pandemic that resulted in almost 5 million lives loss by October, 2021. The CoV spike (S) glycoprotein is a key target for urgently needed vaccines, therapeutic antibodies, and diagnostics. So far, S1 protein mRNA vaccine and protein vaccine have been used by several billions of people.

2019-nCoV/COVID-19/SARS-CoV2 makes use of a densely glycosylated, homotrimeric class I fusion spike (S) protein to gain entry into host cells. The S protein exists in a metastable prefusion conformation that undergoes a dramatic structural rearrangement to fuse the viral membrane with the host cell membrane. This process is triggered by binding of the S1 subunit to a host-cell receptor ACE2, which destabilizes the prefusion trimer, resulting in shedding of the S1 subunit and transition of the S2 subunit to a highly stable postfusion conformation. In order to engage a host-cell receptor, the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of S1 undergoes hinge-like conformational movements that transiently hide or expose the determinants of receptor binding. These two states are referred to as the “down” conformation and the “up” conformation, where “down” corresponds to the receptor-inaccessible state and “up” corresponds to the receptor-accessible state, which is thought to be less stable. 

Antigens

Spike protein S1      S1-RBD         Nucleoprotein          ACE2

Antibodies

COVID-19 Spike Protein Antibody   COVID-RBD antibody

NP antibody

ELISA kits

ACE2 ELISA   SARS-CoV-2 RBD neutralization IgG titer ELISA,  S1 antigen ELISA pair  S1-RBD antigen ELISA pair  RBD IgM ELISA  RBD IgG ELISA  NP antigen ELISA pair

Rapid Test (Lateral Flow) and PCR kit

COVID-19 Rapid Test for blood samples COVID-19 MaxSen One-Step RT-qPCR Kit 

Publications:

1. Croci, G.A.; Vaira, V.; Trabattoni, D.; Biasin, M.; Valenti, L.; Baselli, G.; Barberis, M.; Guerini Rocco, E.; Gregato, G.; Scandroglio, M.; et al. Emergency Lung Transplantation after COVID-19: Immunopathological Insights on Two Affected Patients. Cells 2021, 10, 611. https://doi.org/10.3390/ cells10030611

2. Suresh Gangadevi, Vishnu Nayak Badavath, Abhishek Thakur, Na Yin, Steven De Jonghe, Orlando Acevedo, Dirk Jochmans, Pieter Leyssen, Ke Wang, Johan Neyts, Tao Yujie, and Galia Blum. Kobophenol A Inhibits Binding of Host ACE2 Receptor with Spike RBD Domain of SARS-CoV-2, a Lead Compound for Blocking COVID-19. The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters 2021 12 (7), 1793-1802 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c03119.

3. Daniel P. Collins, Mark J. Osborn, Clifford J. Steer. Differentiation of immortalized human multi-lineage progenitor to alveolar type 2-like cells: angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 expression and binding of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 spike and spike 1 proteins. Cytotherapy, 000 (2021) 1-10.